SGLT-2 Inhibitors, known as sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, are a class of oral medications used to manage Type 2 diabetes, which includes drugs like Canagliflozin and Dapagliflozin. 

Drug Family and Names: 

• Canagliflozin: An SGLT-2 Inhibitor commonly prescribed in diabetes management. 
• Dapagliflozin: Another medication belonging to the SGLT-2 Inhibitor class used to control blood sugar levels. 

Mechanism of Action: 

SGLT-2 Inhibitors work by blocking the reabsorption of glucose in the kidneys, promoting the excretion of excess glucose through urine, thereby lowering blood sugar levels. 

Indications: 

Canagliflozin and Dapagliflozin are prescribed: 

• To improve glycemic control in individuals with Type 2 diabetes. 
• Often used as adjunct therapy alongside other diabetes medications or as monotherapy. 

Side Effects: 

Common side effects of SGLT-2 Inhibitors include: 

• Increased risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) 
• Genital yeast infections 
• Increased urination and thirst 

Dosage: 

Dosage may vary based on the specific medication and patient needs, typically taken once daily as an oral tablet. 

Route of Administration: 

SGLT-2 Inhibitors, such as Canagliflozin and Dapagliflozin, are taken orally, usually in the morning with or without food, as directed by a healthcare professional. 

Precautions and Considerations: 

• These medications may cause dehydration, especially in older adults or individuals with kidney issues. 
• Monitoring kidney function and hydration status is essential during treatment. 

Canagliflozin and Dapagliflozin, as SGLT-2 Inhibitors, provide a unique mechanism to lower blood sugar by promoting glucose excretion through urine. They are often favored for their ability to reduce blood sugar levels and, in some cases, contribute to weight loss.